How old is the laurel forest in Madeira?

The Laurisilva forest is approximately 20 million years old, dating back to the Tertiary period (Miocene epoch). It is one of the oldest surviving ecosystems on Earth — a living relic of forests that once covered much of Southern Europe before the Ice Ages.

Is the laurel forest in Madeira a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

Yes. The Laurisilva of Madeira was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List on December 2, 1999. It covers 15,000 hectares — about 20% of the island — and is the largest surviving primary laurel forest in the world, with 90% of its area never having been felled.

Where is Fanal Forest in Madeira?

Fanal Forest is located on the Paul da Serra plateau in the northwest of Madeira island, about 1 hour's drive from Funchal. It is part of the larger Laurisilva UNESCO forest and is famous for its centuries-old gnarled laurel trees that are often shrouded in dramatic fog.

What is the best time to visit Fanal Forest?

Early morning visits are best for the famous fog atmosphere. The forest is spectacular year-round — spring (April–June) brings wildflowers and lush greenery, autumn has golden light, and winter fog is most consistent. Avoid midday in summer when the plateau can be clear and crowded.

What animals live in the Madeira laurel forest?

The Laurisilva is home to the endemic Madeira Laurel Pigeon (Trocaz Pigeon), the Long-toed Pigeon, Madeira Firecrest, several species of endemic bats, over 500 endemic invertebrate species, and unique reptiles. At least 76 vascular plant species are endemic to Madeira and found in the forest.

Laurel Forest Madeira (Laurisilva) — Complete Guide 2026